Obituary – Professor Frederick Trowman-Rose

The Prince-Abbot writes,

Frederick Joseph Trowman-Rose, known to me as Freddie for many years, died on 4 October 2023 following a long period of poor health. He had pursued a multi-faceted career including positions in journalism, education, and business, as well as being much involved in the chivalric and nobiliary worlds.

The young Freddie with his father and grandfather

Freddie was born on 7 February 1953 in Belize, then British Honduras. He was named after his grandfather, to whom he was close. Freddie came to England at an early age and his home for many years was in Birmingham; he would subsequently be elected a Fellow of the Birmingham Society. As a child, he described himself as “very shy with a liking for books, art and music. I began playing the organ at four which is the only artform in which I had proficiency. I longed to be a painter in water colour but had no ability and a talent cannot be taught, only developed.” He attended Alma Street primary school in Aston and then went on to George Dixon’s Grammar School in Edgbaston, where he made lifelong friendships. He lived almost opposite the latter school in a fine Victorian house which he shared with his mother, who Freddie cared for in her old age. Raised in the Church of England, he attended St Peter, Spring Hill, in childhood, but later in life converted to Roman Catholicism.

According to Freddie’s account in his online biography, he proceeded to St John’s College at the University of Cambridge at the age of sixteen, where he read Natural Sciences and graduated with a First in two rather than the normal three years. He then obtained the degrees of Master of Arts, Doctor of Philosophy and Doctor of Science. He developed expertise in organic chemistry, specializing in solvents.

He was occasionally inclined to the excesses of youth. As a young man he was convicted of impersonating a doctor at St Chad’s Hospital, Birmingham. Apparently he put on a white coat and spent a very happy time removing warts. It seems he was actually very good at it and one of his “patients” appeared for the defence.

Subsequently, he served as Company Secretary and Director of his family hydraulic engineering firm ABC Maintenance Services Ltd. alongside his father Alfred. He also became involved in the technical side of journalism, becoming technical editor of publications including Professional Printer and British Editor and President of the Association of Teachers of Printing and Allied Subjects. This work also led to his eventual appointment as an Honorary Vice-President of the Chartered Institute of Journalists. He served as company secretary for a number of firms and developed an extensive network of business interests.

In 2001, his interest in chivalric and related matters led him to become involved in the manufacturing of chivalric and Masonic insignia as Company Secretary of Light and Boston Ltd. and Managing Director of Libomet Ltd., a stamper and finisher of non-ferrous and precious metals. After some years of trading, these businesses became unsustainable and the liquidation of Light and Boston, which had had its own factory in Birmingham’s Jewellery Quarter, signalled Freddie’s retirement from the business world.

Freddie described the chess grandmaster Raymond Keene as his best friend, and he worked with him and other associates in the endeavours that would occupy his energy in his later years, which were primarily concerned with aspects of brain development. He was a member of the Brain Trust Charity, Chancellor of the Gifted Academy and Dean of the Institute of Brain Chemistry and Human Nutrition. He was involved with the work of Tony Buzan, who had introduced the concept of mind mapping and various other memory techniques to the wider public, and in 2015 became a Council Member of the World Memory Championships which had been founded in 1991 by Buzan and Raymond Keene. After Buzan’s death in 2019, he worked with Buzan’s former friends and associates to perpetuate his legacy. In December 2020, with others involved in this work, he was honoured by the Pakistan Psychiatric Society with a Scroll of Appreciation.

He also held the positions of Chairman of the Commonwealth Development Trust and Chairman of the Global Environmental Secretariat, which according to his account were engaged in educational initiatives and research worldwide.

He held various educational appointments over the years, including that of Provost of the London College of Management and Information Technology and Chancellor and Visiting Professor of Environmental Sciences at the Catholic University of New Spain in Florida, USA. His biography included roles as a consultant for a number of UK and Commonwealth educational authorities regarding adult education.

He was appointed by the government of Belize as the first Consul of Belize in the United Kingdom. A wide range of domestic and overseas travel followed.

In the City of London, Freddie was a Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Loriners and of the Worshipful Company of Gold & Silver Wyre Drawers. He also took an active role in the governance of the City and was elected to the oldest office in the City, that of Ward Beadle where he represented the wards of Bassishaw and Farringdon Without, serving as President of the City of London Ward Beadles in 2014. He was a member of the Tanners’ Company of Bermondsey and served as Master Tanner in 2016. In the Guildable Manor of Southwark he held several offices including those of Foreman of the Court Leet (2007-08, 2016), Constable, and Honorary Tithingman. His offices in the City led to much involvement with its events and ceremonial and many meetings with British and overseas dignitaries. He took part in charity sheep drives over London Bridge (commemorating a historic privilege of Freemen of the City) and on one such occasion presented the Lord Mayor with a jar of mint sauce.

During the mid-1990s, Freddie worked with the late Nicholas Groves to found the Burgon Society for the study of academic dress, but this stalled due to the two of them falling out. Groves subsequently re-established the Burgon Society, without any reference to its past existence and Freddie’s involvement (although he admitted the details of its foundation to me when questioned). Even some two decades later, Freddie would say “The very mention of the name Groves gets steam coming out of my ears”.

Freddie was a member of many chivalric orders including the San Luigi Orders, to whose revival under my aegis he gave much support and encouragement. At one point we had discussed that he would occupy a senior role in the governance of the Orders, but in the event this did not come to pass.

For some years, Freddie served as Chancellor to the head of the Imperial House of Ethiopia, HIH Prince Zere Yacoube. In this capacity he was responsible for various matters of appointment and protocol, as well as having to undertake a serious investigation into malfeasance within the representation of the Imperial Orders in the United States. This, however, made him enemies, and their influence caused him to be forced out. Freddie continued to regard himself as the last legitimate Chancellor of the Imperial House.

In the 1980s, Freddie became involved with the representation of the pretender to the throne of Portugal Dona Maria Pia, who asserted that she was the legitimized natural daughter of the late King Carlos I. Dona Maria Pia gained some support among those who opposed the authoritarian government of Prime Minister Salazar (who was supported by her principal rival claimant), and presented herself as the constitutionalist, liberal claimant to the throne.

Although Dona Maria Pia signed documents appointing Dom Rosario Poidimani as her successor in 1987, Freddie said that she subsequently revoked this appointment in 1994, the year before her death. In that year, Dona Maria Pia appointed her husband Dom António João da Costa Amado-Noivo as Guardian and Protector of the Portuguese Royal House of Saxe-Coburgo-Bragança. Dona Maria Pia had entered into a marriage of convenience with Don António, who had been one of her chief supporters, as a means of regaining the Portuguese nationality which had been stripped from her by Salazar, notwithstanding the fact that Don António was homosexual. Dom António in turn, with the consent of Dona Maria Pia, appointed Freddie as his successor. Dona Maria Pia also conferred upon Freddie the title Marquis of Evora Monte.

By rights the due successor to Dona Maria Pia’s claim would be her daughter Dona Maria Cristina. However, neither Dona Maria Cristina nor her husband held, or were willing to obtain, Portuguese nationality, thereby disqualifying her claim under the terms of the 1838 Carta Constitutional. Potentially, the son of Dona Maria Cristina could validly succeed to the claim after her death.

Dom Antonio died in 1996 and Freddie succeeded him as Guardian and Protector of the Portuguese Royal House of Saxe-Coburgo-Bragança. In this capacity, Freddie was Grand Master of the Royal Order of Dom Carlos Primiero and also bestowed the Portuguese Royal Orders. I received appointment to Grand Cross rank in these Orders from Freddie.

After the fall of Communism in Hungary, the historic Hungarian Order of St George, a knightly fraternity dating from the medieval period, was revived and Freddie was appointed one of six Protectors of the Order and Deputy Grand Prior of the United Kingdom, as well as a Major-General in the Hungarian National Guard. Unfortunately, the Order almost immediately split into several competing branches, and Freddie fell out spectacularly with General Janos Karászy-Kulin who was in charge of the Order in Britain.

The Order of St George in Britain: General Janos Karászy-Kulin in uniform of the Hungarian National Guard at left, and Freddie in uniform at right.

The link with Hungary would continue, however, when Freddie was admitted to the Vitezi Rend. Of this he wrote, “I was proud to receive it in a ceremony, on Hungary’s National Day in Liverpool’s ancient parish church, at the hands of Consul for Hungary, in the presence of the Deputy Military Attaché. My pride is that I am not Hungarian but was allowed to be admitted to an Order which is one of the symbols of a free Hungary. Throughout occupation, the warmth and resilience of the Hungarian people shined through adversity, as it shines brightly today.”

Freddie was a representative of the Kavanagh House of Leinster in Ireland as one of five non-familial members of the Leinster Court.

Freddie became responsible for the Autonomous Grand Priory of Ukraine-Ruthenia in the Order of Saint Lazarus and under his leadership this became a successful chivalric endeavour. The Grand Priory had been formed in the 1980s by the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church in the USA. The membership expanded to the UK and included six British Knights Bachelor, Dame Barbara Cartland and the Bishop of Penrith. In 2000, discussions with the Paris Obedience of the Order, which accepted the Grand Priory as authentic and legitimate, resulted in the majority of members accepting invitations to transfer to the Paris Obedience in their existing ranks. Those who did not accept constituted the continuing Grand Priory under Freddie.

A principal theme in the discussions between Freddie and myself concerned ways in which we might unite our respective representations of the Lazarite tradition. In 2012, Freddie proposed appointing me as a Prelate in his Grand Priory and wished me to consecrate the new Commandery of Burton Lazars. Unfortunately we were ultimately unable to overcome the various obstacles to closer union and the matter remained unresolved.

Freddie had links with Georgia through Prince Teimuraz Rhem Toumanishvili,  and received the insignia of the Tadzrelebi – the historic defenders of Georgia – from him. He wrote of this, “Its ancient principles still remain and its members are prepared to give their lives for Georgia, her Crown, her Church and her people.” According to his biography, his other appointments in Georgia included “Chairman of Academic Board of the Georgia & Caucasus Strategic Studies Institute, where he has been appointed Professor of Strategy. In addition, he is a General of the Royal Georgian Legion, which provides education and training for the world leaders of tomorrow.”

Freddie served as Chancellor to Prince August von Hohenstaufen-Lanza, who was recognized by Vatican authorities as heir of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. This was not an easy role, as he wrote to me “Sadly, Prince August was constantly falling in and falling out with people. I used to sit on paperwork which withdrew titles until such time as he had calmed down and changed his mind.”

At one point in his latter years, Freddie was Chancellor to the exiled King Yuhi VI of Rwanda, who lives in England, and then became Chancellor to the Royal House of Laos.

The awards he received over the years were many and included chivalric, nobiliary and civic honours. He became a Datu of the Sultanate of Buyuan, in The Philippines. In the United States, he received both Presidential and State honours. He received the President’s Volunteer Service Award in 2010 and was honoured by the states of Kentucky and Georgia with commissions as Colonel, by Nebraska as a Nebraska Admiral, and by Arkansas as an Arkansas Traveler. In California, the City of San Francisco presented him with a Certificate of Honor in 2010 for his work with the Order of St Lazarus, and he received Certificates of Recognition from the California Legislative Assembly and the Senate.

Freddie had trenchant views on the chivalric world which he expressed frankly in correspondence, and was looked upon by his friends as a source of valuable information on the details and validity of various claims. Because he expressed his views in uncompromising terms and did not hesitate to become involved in the personal animosities that regrettably characterize chivalric discourse in some quarters, he made both friends and enemies. Writing to me of one such situation, he commented wryly, “I never thought that to know me is to love me.” Notwithstanding the fact that his own actions at times attracted both criticism and controversy, he remained a likeable and resolutely humane figure who did not take himself too seriously and was ready to acknowledge his past faults and failings when necessary. Each Ash Wednesday he asked anyone who he had wronged in the past to forgive him, and expressed his repentance.

In his correspondence, his intelligent perspectives were always absorbing and he also possessed a sharp wit and robust sense of humour. Like me, he loved wordplay and puns. His circle of friends and acquaintances was worldwide and he was regarded with great affection by many. He could be extremely kind and generous to his friends, but also had a tendency to fall out with people, particularly when he considered that their conduct had fallen short of proper standards.

As a monarchist, his viewpoint was traditionalist and conservative, but he also had friends across the political spectrum, including Labour peer Lord (Tom) Taylor of Blackburn, under whose aegis he was a guest on several occasions at the House of Lords. He was highly critical of modernist changes in the Church of England and of Pope Francis (who he had hoped would initiate an era of compassion), but retained his Christian Faith unperturbed to the last. He regularly commented on national life through his Facebook account, supporting Brexit and pandemic lockdown restrictions (holding that infringers should be subject to severe punishment), and was also a critic of increasing commercialization.

Freddie wrote to me in 2012 of his impending wedding which was to have taken place in St Barts the Great in London, but in the event this did not happen and he remained a confirmed bachelor. In later years he would walk each morning round Edgbaston Reservoir and took many photographs of the waterfowl there. He was also a lover of dogs, particularly collies.

During his last two years he withdrew from all social communication, prompting great concern and even at one stage the involvement of the police by those anxious about his welfare. His withdrawal proved subsequently to have been because of the severe deterioration in his health. His death was unannounced and it was only some months afterwards that his friends became aware that he had passed away. He will be remembered as one of the great characters of his time.

Notice of dissociation and fraudulent imposture: Fabrizio Rovello and his fake organizations “Ecclesia Antiquitus Catholicus” and “Abbazia-Principato Patriarcato Religioso e Militare Chiesa Cristiana Universale Anglo Cattolica Apostolica Antica Episcopale Ecumenica Di Cristo Misericordioso di Santo Stefano”

The Abbey-Principality of San Luigi wishes it to be known that it has no connection whatsoever with Fabrizio Rovello, an Italian citizen who has twice established fraudulent websites in which he has stolen material from our official website, translated it into Italian, and falsely claimed it as his own.

L’Abbazia-Principato di San Luigi desidera rendere noto che non ha alcun legame con Fabrizio Rovello, un cittadino italiano che ha creato per due volte siti web fraudolenti nei quali ha rubato materiale dal nostro sito ufficiale, lo ha tradotto in italiano e ha falsamente affermato come se fosse suo.

The first such website represented a fake and non-existent entity called "Ecclesia Antiquitus Catholicus". This entity established a website at https://patriarcatoditerrasanta.jimdofree.com which consisted almost entirely of the unauthorized reproduction of copyrighted content stolen verbatim from this website and translated into Italian.

At the sole original page of this website (https://patriarcatoditerrasanta.jimdofree.com/sua-santita-santo-padre-generale-patriarca-primate-di-u-nita-benedetto-xvii/) was contained a proclamation by "Patriarch General Benedict XVII IN MYNDO FABRIZIO ROVELLO". Fabrizio Rovello has no connection whatsoever to the Abbey-Principality of San Luigi, is not a member of the San Luigi Orders or of any dependent community under our aegis, and so far as we are concerned, is a fraudulent impostor.

The imposture of Fabrizio Rovello extends to his baseless and impertinent pretence to the titles of San Luigi. By these actions in bad faith, devoid of any credibility or the slightest attempt at justification, he shows himself to be a liar and a man without any sense of honour or Christian morality. "Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep's clothing but inwardly are ravenous wolves." (Matt. 7:15). Accordingly, we have taken the measure of declaring Fabrizio Rovello vitandus, one who is to be avoided by the faithful.

We note that the links in Rovello's pages have not been edited and continue to point to this website, which may at least succeed in informing some visitors that he is not what he claims to be.



The Abbey-Principality condemns this behaviour in the strongest terms, believing that it constitutes fraud, theft and the deliberate deception of the public. It made an official complaint to the free webhost Jimdo, seeking to have its copyrighted material removed, to which Jimdo responded by removing Rovello's fraudulent website. The Abbey-Principality advises any member of the public who may have had dealings with Rovello in these matters to report the matter to the police as a case of fraud.

However, since the original publication of this notice, Rovello has repeated his fraudulent and illegal behaviour with a second website on the free webhost Jimdo at https://abbaziaprincipatoecclesia.jimdofree.com using the title "Abbazia-Principato Patriarcato Religioso e Militare Chiesa Cristiana Universale Anglo Cattolica Apostolica Antica Episcopale Ecumenica Di Cristo Misericordioso di Santo Stefano" but again copying text and images verbatim from this website in order to support this blatant and unsophisticated fraud. This has again been the subject of a complaint to Jimdo, who have again removed the fraudulent website, and we have also requested of them that they should now ban Rovello from abusing their services.

The only official website of the Abbey-Principality is and remains https://www.san-luigi.org and no other website has ever been authorized to promulgate information on our behalf save the websites of our dependent churches and related organizations, all of which are linked from this site.

Members of the Royal Byelorussian Orders: Prince August von Hohenstaufen-Lanza

Prince August von Hohenstaufen-Lanza (1928-2007) was a senior member of the Royal Byelorussian Orders, being a Knight Nobilis Excubitor of the Byzantine Order of Leo the Armenian, a Knight of the Order of the Sacred Cup, Prince of Nissyros in the Royal House Polanie-Patrikios, and a friend both of our late Royal Patron Prince Kermit of Miensk and of the Archbishop of Great Britain in the Apostolic Episcopal Church, Count George Boyer. He was also closely associated with the late Prince-Archbishop Juliusz Nowina-Sokolnicki.

Prince August was born in Germany as Franz von Schwaben in 1928, and just prior to the outbreak of the Second World War came with his mother, who was Scottish, to seek refuge in London. He adopted as an Anglicized version of his name Francis Robert Forsyth, Forsyth being his mother’s maiden name. His father was killed in a German air-raid on Poland during the war.

Early on, as a result of adoption by his mother’s new husband, he became known by the name Peter Austin de Lanza, under which name he became a successful professional photographer resident in the Kensington area of London. On 24 March 1979, he reverted to his former name of Francis Robert Forsyth. According to his own account, he had married and had children, but his wife and children were killed in a car crash in South Africa.

During the late 1960s, Prince August became associated with the esoteric bishop and noted spiritual teacher Richard, Duc de Palatine (1916-78). The Duc de Palatine had been ordained and consecrated bishop under the auspices of the Order of Antioch by Mar Georgius of Glastonbury in 1953, and was the leader of the Pre-Nicene Catholic Church, which was subsequently absorbed with other esoteric and Gnostic bodies under the aegis of the Sovereign Imperium of the Mysteries. The Duc de Palatine ordained Prince August priest under the name Peter de Lanza on 17 August 1969 and on 11 October 1970 de Lanza was consecrated bishop by the Duc de Palatine assisted by John Martyn Baxter. In the Duc de Palatine’s Open Letter to All Members of mid-1970 he announced his relocation to California and that the Pre-Nicene Catholic Church would now be known as the Church of the Gnosis; “As from July 4th, 1971, The Headquarters of the Pleroma, The Disciplina Arcani, and the Church of the Gnosis will be located in Los Angeles, in the State of California, within the United States of America.  The Archon in charge for the United Kingdom, South Africa, Nigeria, and other parts of the world, will be the Revd. Peter de Lanza, who will act in our Name. Revd. De Lanza will be created a Bishop in October, which will grant him more power and authority to act in our name.”  It was also said of Prince August that he had had involvement with the Golden Dawn via their group in Hertfordshire.

Prince August came to devolve his church responsibilities increasingly on Archbishop George Boyer, a leading assistant to the Duc de Palatine, and in due course in the 1980s left the Palatine organization altogether. After leaving, he initially assumed appointment as Presiding Bishop of the Apostolic Church of Avalon and in 1989 became Patriarch of Glastonbury in the Ecclesia Gnostica, both inner churches with an esoteric ministry whose authority had been transmitted to him by the late William Bernard Crow (Mar Basilius Abdullah III). However, he was also at this time given to stating that his religious identity was simply that of a Roman Catholic layman and denying strenuously to others that he had been ordained.

At this time, he completed the research into his ancestry that led to his confirmation that he was descended from the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II Hohenstaufen and was heir to his titles, namely Head of the Name and Arms of the Imperial House of Hohenstaufen, Head of Line and Principal Lineal Descendant of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, and as such Head of Line Pretender to the Thrones of Sicily, Naples, and Jerusalem, Duke of Swabia, of Apulia, and of Calabria, Prince of Taranto, Count of Beuren, Count of Lecce, and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Swabia, Knights of St Gereon.

In due course, Prince August obtained a German passport in the name of von Hohenstaufen.

His descent was traced through a Russian lineage and was published around the turn of the century in a small book entitled “The Hohenstaufen Heritage”. This recounted that his ancestors had travelled into Russia in 1472 as part of the entourage of Princess Zoe Palaeologina’s marriage to Czar Ivan III, and were known thereafter as the Princes von Schwaben. Prince August’s grandfather, Prince Adolph Karlovich von Schwaben (b. 1875) had received recognition from the government of the Czar as the principal noble of his district and was endowed with a country estate of some 4,500 acres. In 1996, after the fall of the Soviet Union, Prince August was appointed an Honorary Member of the Russian College of Arms, which college also matriculated his arms.

Prince August adopted as his son and heir Francesco (now Prince Franz von Hohenstaufen), son and heir of the late HRH Prince Prof. Dr Don Mario Paciotti di Montefabbri.

In a remarkable and hitherto unprecedented course of events, the Roman Catholic authorities were approached and after investigation accepted Prince August’s nobiliary and ancestral claims. This led to Prince August being granted a personal audience with Pope St John Paul II.

On 10 October 2000, the feast-day of St Gereon, in the Basilica of Saint John (where Hohenstaufen ancestors were crowned), in The Lateran, a solemn Pontifical Mass was celebrated in the Corsini Chapel. Prayers were said for the past members of the Hohenstaufen family, and Benediction was said for all present members of the family, including the Head of the House of Hohenstaufen, Prince August, and the Heir Designate, Prince Francesco.

The Mass was concelebrated by H.E. Mons. Mario Rizzi, Papal Nuncio and titular Archbishop of Balneoregio; Mons Francesco Saverio Salerno, President of the Supreme Segnatura Apostolica; and The Rev. Don Roberto Modica, Chaplain of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Prayers were also said for all present members of the Sovereign Order of Swabia, Knights of St Gereon. Those present included H.I.H. Prince Francesco von Hohenstaufen; Mons. Franco Camaldo, Master of Ceremonies to His Holiness The Pope; Baron Marco Marrone di Castelsilano, Mayor of Nettuno; and members of the Roman Nobility. In July 2000, His Eminence Pietro Cardinal Palazzine (1912-2000) was appointed Spiritual Grand Protector of the Order of Swabia, Knights of St Gereon, and H.E. Mons. Mario Rizzi (1926-2012) was appointed as Spiritual Grand Prior. Sadly Cardinal Palazzini died on October 11th and was immediately replaced by His Eminence Henri Cardinal Schwery (1932-2021). Such appointments placed the Order of Swabia in a position regarding the Holy See that had otherwise only been granted to the Order of Malta.

Prince August established the College of Arms of the Sovereign Military Order of Swabia, Knights of St Gereon, and the Swabian Imperial House of Hohenstaufen. In addition, he revived the International Council of Chivalric Orders, known as the Pactio Secreta, in which he served as Imperator. During these years his home was a flat in a fashionable area of London, on the Fulham Road in Chelsea. He appointed as his Chancellor Professor Frederick Trowman-Rose, who has served a number of Royal Houses in similar roles as well as holding office in the City of London.

Prince August received numerous chivalric and nobiliary appointments, including Grand Cross of Justice in the Sovereign Order of the Oak, the Order of the White Eagle and Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of Polonia Restituta (Polish Government-in-exile). He was also appointed to various honours in the United States, where he served as Patron of PeaceWorks, a nonprofit that provided relief to children in war zones.

The International Knightly Order of St George under the late General Janos Karászy-Kulin was admitted to membership in the Pactio Secreta on 21 February 1998, and Prince August was appointed to honorary military rank in the Hungarian National Guard. Through the late General Karászy-Kulin a meeting with Prince August was planned with the future Prince Edmond de San Luigi around 2004, but unfortunately this did not take place.

Prince August formed a number of productive friendships, and Prince Kermit of Miensk regarded him fondly. Prince August bestowed the title of Prince of Hohenheim upon Prince Kermit (who reciprocated this honour, creating Prince August Prince of Nissyros in the Royal House Polanie-Patrikios) and elevated Archbishop George Boyer to the rank of Count. The present Prince-Abbot of San Luigi succeeded Prince Kermit as the second Prince of Hohenheim in 2015, while Archbishop Boyer’s title of count was inherited by his nephew when he died in 2008. Prince August bestowed other titles of nobility including the title of Prince of Montis Regalis upon George Howarth (d.2013), Grand Master of the Sovereign Order of the Oak.

With others, relations were at times more difficult. Prince August had an intelligent and cultured outlook on life but did not suffer fools or those who he perceived as having taken advantage of him. His biography stated that he “has taken an active role in maintaining traditional Western values and in defence of the West when faced with the Soviet drive for power.” He was also a strong opponent of homosexuality.

A 1991 letter to Prince Kermit in our archives finds Prince August complaining “As things are, I desperately need some highly intelligent, non-cranky, people to represent me in different parts of Europe, particularly in view of the very fluid situation politically. I received a very nice letter from the King of Spain in response to an enquiry I addressed to him about a bogus Bourbon. It does no harm to let these people know that one is not quite extinct.”

When the Polish government-in-exile led by Juliusz Nowina-Sokolnicki came to an end with the fall of Communism and the re-establishment of Polish democracy in 1990, it became necessary to seek a means of continuing the Order of St Stanislas, which had hitherto been highly active but was not a subject of interest of the new Polish republic. It was decided that in order to achieve this and establish the Order’s independence, the Order would be elevated to a sovereign entity, and accordingly Prince August raised Juliusz Nowina-Sokolnicki to the rank of Prince on 24 March 1991. Prince August received the first Grand Collar of the Sovereign Order of St Stanislas.

Sokolnicki had previously received Holy Orders in the Apostolic Episcopal Church in 1983, and had been appointed to office in Great Britain (as a deputy to Archbishop George Boyer) with a special commission towards the Polish community there. He had made substantial plans for his church mission, but was deterred from continuing these when Prince August ridiculed him in front of others.

Prince August died on 28 February 2007 and was succeeded in his titles by Prince Franz, the current Head of the Imperial House.

Developments in the Byelorussian Patriarchate of St Andrew the First-Called Apostle

The Byelorussian Patriarchate of St Andrew the First-Called Apostle was established in 1970 under the late Patriarch Peter II Zhurawetsky, in whose memory the Patriarchal seat has been held vacant since his death in 1994. From the outset the executive duties of the Patriarchal office were devolved to the Ecclesiast of All Byelorussia, the first holder of this office having been the late Prince Kermit of Miensk. Under Prince Kermit, the Patriarchate was latterly maintained as a private ekklesia of the Royal House Polanie-Patrikios.

Since the succession of Prince Edmond of Miensk to the position of Ecclesiast of All Byelorussia on the death of his adoptive father Prince Kermit in 2015, there has been an increase in the ecclesiastical activities in exile of the Patriarchate, these having been centred on missions in Brazil which have latterly expanded to other countries.

Recent developments have caused a revision of those missions that have hitherto been associated with the Patriarchate and which have operated under the working name Igreja Católica Ortodoxa Bielorussa no Brasil.

With immediate effect, the position of the Patriarchate has reverted to the former status of a private ekklesia of the Royal House Polanie-Patrikios solely. As such, its only member of clergy is now the Prince of Miensk as its Ecclesiast. All former members of the clergy, all lay ministers and all attached missions have now been released from the Patriarchate, and those clergy and missions who have wished to remain with our communion have been transferred to the Apostolic Episcopal Church and the Order of Antioch, where their ministry will continue.

Death of Pope Benedict XVI

The Abbey-Principality of San Luigi wishes to express its condolences on the announcement of the death of Pope Benedict XVI.

Ecce sacerdos magnus, qui in diébus suis plácuit Deo: Ideo jure jurando fecit illum Dóminus crescere in plebem suam. Benedictiónem ómnium géntium dedit illi, et testaméntum suum confirmávit super caput eius. Ideo jure jurando fecit illum Dóminus crescere in plebem suam. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.